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SectionNature of PaymentRateThreshold (₹)
192SalarySlab—
194AInterest (other than securities)10%40,000
194CContractor — Individual/HUF1%30,000
194CContractor — Others2%30,000
194HCommission / Brokerage5%15,000
194IRent — Plant & Machinery2%2,40,000
194IRent — Land & Building10%2,40,000
194JProfessional / Technical Fees10%30,000
194QPurchase of Goods0.1%50,00,000
194NCash Withdrawal2%1,00,00,000
194DALife Insurance Payout5%1,00,000
194BLottery / Game Winnings30%10,000

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What is TDS and who is liable to deduct it?+
TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) is an indirect method of collecting income tax where the payer deducts tax at the time of making specified payments. Any person (employer, bank, tenant, etc.) making specified payments above threshold limits must deduct TDS.
What are the common TDS sections and rates?+
Key sections: 192 — Salary (slab rates), 194A — Interest other than securities (10%), 194C — Contractor payments (1% individual, 2% others), 194H — Commission/brokerage (5%), 194I — Rent (2% plant/machinery, 10% land/building), 194J — Professional/technical fees (10%), 194Q — Purchase of goods (0.1%).
What happens if TDS is not deducted?+
Non-deduction or late deposit of TDS attracts: interest at 1% per month for late deduction (Sec 201(1A)), interest at 1.5% per month for late deposit, penalty equal to TDS amount (Sec 271C), and disallowance of 30% of the expense (Sec 40(a)(ia)).
What is the TDS threshold limit?+
Thresholds vary by section: Salary — no threshold (any amount), Interest (194A) — ₹40,000/year (₹50,000 for seniors), Rent (194I) — ₹2,40,000/year, Professional fees (194J) — ₹30,000/year, Contractor (194C) — ₹30,000 single payment or ₹1,00,000/year.
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